Running watts, starting watts and safety margin

Generator Size Calculator

This generator size calculator tells you how many watts you need. Pick the appliances you want to power, set quantities, and get the minimum running and starting watts, the right generator type and the amps it will supply.

  • 30+ appliances
  • Starting surge handled
  • Custom appliances
  • Safety margin
  • Shareable load list

Generator wattage calculator

What do you want to power?

Home essentials

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Kitchen

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Comfort and entertainment

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Laundry and tools

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Add a custom appliance

Method

How to Calculate What Size Generator You Need

Motors in fridges, pumps and air conditioners need a short burst of extra power to start. Size your generator for that burst as well as the steady load, using these three steps.

1. Add running watts

Running total = sum of running watts

Add the running watts of everything that will be on at the same time. Fridge 700 + sump pump 1,050 + furnace fan 800 = 2,550 W.

2. Add the largest surge

Peak = running total + largest extra

Motors start one at a time, so only the biggest extra starting load counts. The furnace fan adds 1,550 W, giving a 4,100 W peak.

3. Add a safety margin

Rating = running total × 1.2

Running a generator flat out shortens its life. A 20% margin keeps it below 85% load: 2,550 × 1.2 = 3,060 W running.

Check the label. Exact wattage is printed on each appliance or in its manual. If only amps are listed, multiply amps by volts to get watts, or use the watts to amps calculator.

Reference

Generator Wattage Chart for Common Appliances

Typical running and starting watts used by the calculator. Starting watts only matter for appliances with motors or compressors.

Typical running and starting watts by appliance
ApplianceRunning wattsStarting watts
Refrigerator7002,200
Chest freezer5001,500
Sump pump (1/2 HP)1,0502,150
Well pump (1/2 HP)1,0002,100
Furnace fan (1/2 HP)8002,350
LED lights (10 bulbs)100No surge
Wi-Fi router and modem20No surge
Phone and laptop charging100No surge
CPAP machine60No surge
Garage door opener (1/2 HP)8752,350
Microwave1,000No surge
Coffee maker1,000No surge
Electric kettle1,500No surge
Toaster850No surge
Dishwasher1,500No surge
Electric range burner1,500No surge
Slow cooker250No surge
Electric pressure cooker1,000No surge
Window AC (10,000 BTU)1,2003,600
Space heater1,500No surge
Box fan200No surge
TV (55-inch LED)150No surge
Gaming console200No surge
Electric water heater4,000No surge
Washing machine1,1502,250
Electric clothes dryer5,4006,750
Clothes iron1,200No surge
Hair dryer1,500No surge
Circular saw (7 1/4 in)1,4002,300
Air compressor (1 HP)1,6004,500
Electric drill (1/2 in)600900

Quick guide

What Size Generator Do I Need?

Use this as a starting point, then confirm with the calculator using your own appliances.

Typical generator sizes by use
UseTypical sizeGenerator type
Camping, phones, lights, a small fridge1,000 to 2,200 WSmall inverter
RV or camper with air conditioning3,000 to 4,000 WLarge inverter
Home essentials: fridge, sump pump, lights, furnace fan5,000 to 7,500 WPortable
Most of a home without central air7,500 to 12,000 WLarge portable
Whole home including central air15,000 to 26,000 WHome standby

Why ours

Why This Generator Size Calculator Is Better

Many generator sizing tools add every starting watt together and push you toward a bigger, pricier machine than you need.

Correct surge maths

Only the single largest starting surge is added, which is how electricians size generators. You buy the right size, not the biggest.

Tap to build your load

Over 30 appliances in clear groups with search and quantity steppers. No long forms to fill in.

Custom appliances

Add anything with its own running and starting watts, from aquarium heaters to welders.

Adjustable safety margin

Choose 10%, 20% or 25% headroom and see running and starting ratings update instantly.

Generator type and amps

See whether an inverter, portable or standby generator fits, plus the amps it delivers at 120 V and 240 V.

Shareable load list

Copy your list for a dealer or electrician, or share a link that reopens every selection.

Guide

How to Use the Generator Size Calculator

Think about what you would need during a power cut or on your next trip, then follow these steps.

  1. Pick your appliances

    Tap each appliance you want to run at the same time. Use the search box to find items quickly.

  2. Set quantities

    Use the plus and minus buttons for items you have more than one of, such as freezers or lights.

  3. Add anything missing

    Enter a custom appliance with its running and starting watts from the label.

  4. Choose a safety margin

    20% suits most homes. Use 25% if you plan to add appliances later.

  5. Shop with your numbers

    Look for a generator that meets both the running and the starting watts shown, then copy or share your list.

Safety

Generator Safety Essentials

The right size is only half the job. Running a generator safely protects your family, your home and utility workers.

  • Never run a generator indoors or in a garage, even with the door open. Keep it at least 20 feet from doors, windows and vents.
  • Install carbon monoxide alarms on every floor and test them before storm season.
  • Never plug a generator into a wall outlet. Backfeeding can electrocute utility workers. Use a transfer switch or interlock fitted by a licensed electrician.
  • Use heavy-duty extension cords rated for the load, and keep connections dry. Check cable size with the voltage drop calculator.
  • Let it cool before refuelling and store fuel in approved containers away from the house.

Benefits

Benefits of Sizing Your Generator Correctly

A correctly sized generator costs less to buy, uses less fuel and keeps your appliances safe.

Avoid overloads and trips

An undersized generator stalls or trips its breaker when a fridge or pump starts, and can damage sensitive electronics.

Do not overspend

Every extra 1,000 watts adds cost, weight and noise. Buying for your real load keeps the price and fuel bill down.

Better fuel economy

Generators are most efficient at 50% to 75% load. A good margin keeps you in that range for longer runtimes per tank.

FAQ

Generator Size FAQ

What size generator do I need to run a house?

To run home essentials such as a fridge, sump pump, furnace fan, lights and a microwave, most homes need a 5,000 to 7,500 watt generator. Running most of the house without central air takes about 7,500 to 12,000 watts, and a whole home with central air usually needs a 15,000 to 26,000 watt standby generator.

How do I calculate what size generator I need?

Add the running watts of everything you want to use at the same time. Then add the extra starting watts of the single appliance with the biggest surge. Finally add a 10% to 25% safety margin to the running total and choose a generator that meets both numbers.

What is the difference between running watts and starting watts?

Running watts are the steady power an appliance uses while it operates. Starting watts, also called surge watts, are the short burst of extra power motors and compressors need for a few seconds when they switch on. Resistive appliances like kettles and heaters have no starting surge.

Will a 5,000 watt generator run a refrigerator?

Yes. A typical refrigerator uses about 700 running watts and needs around 2,200 watts to start, so a 5,000 watt generator can run it along with lights, a sump pump and other essentials, as long as the total stays within the generator rating.

Can a portable generator run central air conditioning?

Usually only a large one. A typical 3 to 4 ton central air conditioner can need roughly 3,500 to 5,000 running watts and much more to start, so most homes need a generator of 12,000 watts or more. A soft start kit can greatly reduce the starting surge.

What size generator do I need for camping or an RV?

A 1,000 to 2,200 watt inverter generator handles phones, lights, a laptop and a small fridge. An RV air conditioner usually needs a 3,000 to 4,000 watt generator, or a smaller one if the air conditioner has a soft start kit.

How many amps does a generator produce?

Divide the generator watts by the voltage. A 7,500 watt generator delivers about 62.5 amps at 120 volts or 31 amps at 240 volts. Each outlet on the generator has its own amp limit, so check the control panel too.

Is an inverter generator better than a conventional generator?

Inverter generators produce very clean power that is safer for computers and other electronics, run more quietly and use less fuel at light loads. Conventional portable generators cost less per watt and are better for large loads such as well pumps and power tools.

Can I plug a generator into a wall outlet?

No. Plugging a generator into a wall outlet, known as backfeeding, is illegal in many areas and can electrocute utility workers or start a fire. Use heavy-duty extension cords or have a licensed electrician install a transfer switch or interlock kit.

Be Ready Before the Next Power Cut

Use the generator size calculator to buy the right generator once, then check amps, cable sizes and cooling loads with our related tools.

Size my generator

Wattages are typical values. Check your appliance labels and the generator manual, and use a licensed electrician for home connections.

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